Dr.
Nguyen Vinh Trung
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Title of the talk: Whole genome sequencing reveals limited contribution of non-intensive chicken farming to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli colonization in humans in southern Vietnam
Abstract
Overuse of antimicrobials in agriculture in Asia has been reported, but the risk of acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in humans through non-intensive chicken farming still remains unclear. We collected faecal samples from 204 randomly selected farmers and their chickens, and from 306 community-based individuals who did not raise poultry in Vietnam. Whole genome sequencing was employed to examine genomic relatedness of ESBL-Ec colonizing chickens and humans in Vietnam. The prevalence of ESBL-Ec colonization was 20.0% in chicken farms, 31.1% in chicken farmers, 49.5% in rural individuals and 38.3% in urban individuals. Multivariable analysis showed that colonization with ESBL-Ec in humans was associated with human usage of antimicrobial drugs (OR=2.52, 95%CI=1.08–5.87). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that CTX-M genes were the most predominant ESBL genes, found in 468/486 (96.2%) of ESBL-Ec isolates. However, the distribution of CTX-M genes across chicken and human isolates was different. CTX-M-55 was identified as the most common ESBL-encoding gene in chicken isolates (72.1% versus 12.9% in human isolates, p<0.001), whilst CTX-M-27 was more prevalent in human isolates (44.2% versus 7.0% in chicken isolates; p<0.001). On 16/204 farms (6.9%; 95%CI=3.4–10.3%) ESBL-Ec were detected phenotypically in both the farmers and their chickens. On 3/204 farms (1.5%; 95%CI=0–3.1%), ESBL genes of ESBL-Ec isolated from the farmers and their chickens were identical. However, we detected identical sequence types of ESBL-Ec between chicken and farmer isolates in only one farm. Isolates also revealed 1 pairwise SNP distance based on core gene alignment, indicating potential sharing of ESBL-Ec between the chickens and farmer on that farm. The findings suggest that non-intensive chicken farming is not a major source of ESBL-Ec colonization in humans and human antimicrobial drug usage appears to be an important driver of ESBL-Ec colonization in humans in Vietnam.
Biography
Dr. Nguyen Vinh Trung is a researcher at the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. His research interests include epidemiology of zoonotic pathogens and dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial populations
Publications: ResearchGate